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Let’s look at the Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm and apply it to our scenario from the previous chapter. Please review the scenario.
Video Demonstration
Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm
Management: Initiate the cardiac arrest algorithm if the patient still has no pulse and does not respond to BLS
The following algorithm is for Adult Cardiac Arrest:
Treatment of VF/VT in Hypothermia
Severe accidental hypothermia in patients with VF and/or VT have a body temperature of <30 degrees Celsius or <86 degrees F. Defibrillation is appropriate in this case, however, additional shocks may need to be given. For those in cardiac arrest with moderate hypothermia (under 36 degrees Celsius), do CPR, defibrillation, give medications, and continue warming the core temperature to raise it above 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees F).
Administration of drugs is usually contraindicated in patients as it may increase levels of toxins due to decreased metabolism. Best treatment for the patient is to focus on raising the core temperature. Administration of vasopressor as per the guidelines of ACLS can be effective while rewarming the patient. Administration of antiarrhythmic drugs is not effective to hypothermic patients.
Route of Administration of Drugs in Cardiac Arrest
There are 2 routes of drug administration which are effective and will not interfere with high-quality CPR and defibrillation. These routes are:
The IV route is the most approved route for administrating fluids and medications. The 2 routes are through the peripheral IV line and the central IV line.
The IO route is used to inject medication directly into the bone marrow. The IO access can be used in all age groups, but is preferred in pediatric patients. It can be accessed in 30-60 seconds and can be used with any medication that is used in the IV route.
Medications used in Cardiac Arrest
Learning Outcomes:
You have completed Chapter IX. Now you should be able to:
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